Europe is the second smallest continent, but the third most populous. It is a continent in one of the 6 continent systems and the 7 continent system. In other systems it is part of Asia, Eurasia or Eurafrasia. Below is the list of fully sovereign or de facto countries that are indisputably and entirely situated within Europe. The 45 countries are:
- Albania (Shqipëria) – Tirana
- Andorra – Andorra la Vella
- Austria (Österreich) – Vienna
- Belarus (Беларусь) – Minsk
- Belgium (Dutch: België, French: Belgique, German: Belgien) – Brussels
- Bosnia and Herzegovina (Bosna i Hercegovina) – Sarajevo
- Bulgaria (България) – Sofia
- Croatia (Hrvatska) – Zagreb
- Czech Republic (Česko) – Prague
- Denmark (Danmark) – Copenhagen
- Estonia (Eesti) – Tallinn
- Finlay (Suomi) – Helsinki
- France – Paris
- Germany (Deutschland) – Berlin
- Greece (Ελλάδα) – Athens
- Hungary (Magyarország) – Budapest
- Iceland** (Island) – Reykjavik
- Republic of Ireland (Éire) – Dublin
- Italy (Italia) – Rome
- Kosovo** – Pristina
- Latvia (Latvija) – Riga
- Liechtenstein – Vaduz
- Lithuania (Lietuva) – Vilnius
- Luxembourg – Luxembourg City
- Macedonia (FYROP) (Македонија) – Skopje
- Malta – Valletta
- Moldova – Chisinau
- Monaco – Monte Carlo Quarter
- Montenegro (Crna Gora, Црна Гора) – Podgorica
- Netherlands (Nederland) – Amsterdam (Capital), The Hague (Government)
- Norway (Norge) – Oslo
- Poland (Polska) – Warsaw
- Portugal – Lisbon
- Romania – Bucharest
- Russia** Moscow
- San Marino – San Marino
- Serbia (Србија) – Belgrade
- Slovakia (Slovensko) – Bratislava
- Slovenia (Slovenija) – Ljubljana
- Spain (España) – Madrid
- Sweden (Sverige) – Stockholm
- Switzerland (German: Schweiz, French: Suisse, Italian: Svizzera, Romansh: Svizra) – Bern
- Ukraine (Україна) – Kyiv or Kiev
- United Kingdom – London
- Vatican City** (Italian: Città del Vaticano, Latin: Civitas Vaticana) – Vatican City
